<p>php中最常见的运算符包括算术、赋值、比较、逻辑、递增/递减及三元运算符；1. 使用===而非==可避免类型转换陷阱；2. 用括号明确运算优先级；3. 除法前检查除数是否为零；4. 利用三元运算符和短路评估提升代码简洁性，例如用$a === $b进行严格比较、用($x > 0) ? $x : 0设置默认值、用$cond && dosomething()实现条件执行，这些做法能有效规避常见错误并增强<a style=”color:#f60; text-decoration:underline;” title=”代码可读性” href=”https://www.php.cn/zt/55554.html” target=”_blank”>代码可读性</a>和健壮性。</p>
<p><img src=”https://img.php.cn/upload/article/001/503/042/175412424648880.jpeg” alt=”PHP语言怎样使用运算符进行基本运算 PHP语言运算符应用的实用操作技巧”></p>
<p>PHP语言中的运算符，它们就是我们编写程序时用来操作数据、控制逻辑的那些“<a style=”color:#f60; text-decoration:underline;” title=”工具” href=”https://www.php.cn/zt/16887.html” target=”_blank”>工具</a>”。无论是简单的加减乘除，还是复杂的条件判断，亦或是数据赋值，都离不开它们。理解并熟练运用这些运算符，是写出有效、健壮代码的基础。它们定义了程序如何“思考”和“行动”。</p>
<p>说起运算符，其实种类不少，但日常工作中，我们用得最多的也就那么几类。</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>算术运算符</strong>：这个最直观了，<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>+</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>-</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>*</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>/</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>%</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（取模），还有PHP 5.6之后新增的<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>**</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（幂运算）。比如计算商品总价、分配任务比例，这些都是基础。</p>
<p><span>立即学习</span>“<a href=”https://pan.quark.cn/s/7fc7563c4182″ style=”text-decoration: underline !important; color: blue; font-weight: bolder;” rel=”nofollow” target=”_blank”>PHP免费学习笔记（深入）</a>”；</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’> $price = 100;
$quantity = 3;
$total = $price * $quantity; // 300
$remainder = 10 % 3; // 1
$power = 2 ** 3; // 8
echo "总价: " . $total . "，余数: " . $remainder . "，幂运算: " . $power . "/n";</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><p>我个人觉得，取模<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>%</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>在实际应用中非常有用，比如判断奇偶、循环队列索引等。</p>
</li>
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<p><strong>赋值运算符</strong>：<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>是基础，<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>+=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>-=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>*=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>/=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>%=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>这些复合赋值符能让代码简洁不少。</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’> $count = 0;
$count += 5; // $count 现在是 5
$text = "Hello";
$text .= " World"; // $text 现在是 "Hello World"
echo "计数: " . $count . "，文本: " . $text . "/n";</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><p>用<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>+=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>这类写法，代码可读性确实会好一些，尤其是在累加或字符串拼接时。</p>
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<p><strong>比较运算符</strong>：<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>==</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（相等）、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>===</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（全等）、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>!=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>或<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”><></pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（不相等）、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>!==</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（不全等）、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”><</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>></pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”><=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>>=</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>。这里面最容易“踩坑”的就是<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>==</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>和<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>===</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>的<a style=”color:#f60; text-decoration:underline;” title=”区别” href=”https://www.php.cn/zt/27988.html” target=”_blank”>区别</a>。</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’> $a = "5";
$b = 5;
if ($a == $b) { // 这是 true，因为只比较值
echo "值相等/n";
}
if ($a === $b) { // 这是 false，因为类型不同
echo "值和类型都相等/n";
} else {
echo "值相等但类型不同/n";
}</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><p>我一般都推荐用<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>===</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>，除非你明确知道自己在做什么，并且确实需要PHP的弱类型特性。这样可以避免很多意想不到的类型转换问题。</p>
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<p><strong>逻辑运算符</strong>：<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>&&</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（and）、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>||</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（or）、<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>!</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（not）。它们用来组合或反转布尔表达式。</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’> $is_logged_in = true;
$has_permission = false;
if ($is_logged_in && $has_permission) {
echo “可以访问/n”;
} else {
echo “无法访问/n”; // 输出这个
}</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><p>这里有个小细节，<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>&&</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>和<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>||</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>是短路运算符。比如<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>$a && $b</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>，如果<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>$a</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>已经是<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>false</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>，<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>$b</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>就不会被评估了。这在某些场景下很有用，比如检查变量是否存在再使用：<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>isset($var) && $var > 0</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>。</p>
</li>
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<p><strong>递增/递减运算符</strong>：<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>++</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>和<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>–</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>。前置（<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>++$i</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>）和后置（<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>$i++</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>）是有区别的。</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’> $i = 5;
$j = $i++; // $j 是 5，$i 变成 6
$k = ++$i; // $k 是 7，$i 变成 7
echo "j: " . $j . ", k: " . $k . ", i: " . $i . "/n";</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><p>虽然看起来小，但理解这个区别在循环或某些简洁赋值时很重要。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>PHP运算符使用中常见的“坑”有哪些？如何有效规避？</h3>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>类型转换的陷阱（<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>==</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div> vs <div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>===</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>）</strong>：这是个老生常谈的问题，但真的太常见了。PHP的弱类型特性让<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>==</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>在比较不同类型的值时会尝试进行类型转换。比如<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>"0" == false</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>是<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>true</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>，<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>"1abc" == 1</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>是<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>true</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>。这在处理用户输入、数据库查询结果时尤其危险，可能导致逻辑判断错误。
<strong>规避策略</strong>：尽可能使用<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>===</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>（全等运算符）来同时比较值和类型。除非你确实需要利用PHP的类型转换机制，否则都用<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>===</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>。这样代码的意图更明确，也更不容易出错。对于需要明确类型转换的场景，使用<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>intval()</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>, <div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>strval()</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>, <div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>boolval()</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>等函数进行显式转换，而不是依赖<a style=”color:#f60; text-decoration:underline;” title=”隐式转换” href=”https://www.php.cn/zt/77300.html” target=”_blank”>隐式转换</a>。</p></li>
<li><p><strong>运算符优先级和结合性</strong>：你可能写过<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>$result = $a + $b * $c;</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>，结果发现和预想的不一样，因为乘法优先于加法。或者<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>$a || $b && $c</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>，它的计算顺序是<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>$a || ($b && $c)</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>。
<strong>规避策略</strong>：不确定的时候，就用括号<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>()</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>明确指定运算顺序。这不仅能确保代码按照你的意图执行，还能大大提高代码的可读性。虽然你可能知道优先级规则，但其他阅读你代码的人不一定知道，或者在快速阅读时容易忽略。</p></li>
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<p><strong>除数为零的风险</strong>：<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>$a / 0</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>会产生一个<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>DivisionByZeroError</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>错误（PHP 8+），在PHP 7及更早版本会返回<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>INF</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>或<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>NAN</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>，并发出警告。这在处理动态数据时是个隐患。
<strong>规避策略</strong>：在进行除法运算前，务必检查除数是否为零。</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’> $dividend = 10;
$divisor = 0;
if ($divisor != 0) {
$result = $dividend / $divisor;
} else {
// 处理除数为零的情况，比如赋值为0，或者抛出异常
$result = 0;
// 或者 throw new InvalidArgumentException("除数不能为零");
}
echo "除法结果: " . $result . "/n";</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><p>这种防御性编程习惯非常重要。</p>
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</ul>
<h3>如何巧妙地组合PHP运算符，提升代码的简洁性和表达力？</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>利用三元运算符（<div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>?:</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>）进行条件赋值</strong>：这是个非常简洁的条件判断方式，尤其适用于简单的二选一赋值。</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’> $score = 75;
$status = ($score >= 60) ? “及格” : “不及格”;
// 相当于
// if ($score >= 60) {
// $status = “及格”;
// } else {
// $status = “不及格”;
// }
echo “考试结果: ” . $status . “/n”;</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><p>PHP 7之后，还有一个更简洁的“Elvis”运算符 <div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=”brush:php;toolbar:false”>?:</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div>，当条件表达式为真时返回自身，否则返回第二个操作数。</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’> $_GET[‘name’] = ‘Alice’; // 模拟 $_GET[‘name’] 存在
$name = $_GET[‘name’] ?: ‘Guest’; // 如果$_GET[‘name’]存在且为真，则使用它，否则为’Guest’
echo "欢迎: " . $name . "/n";</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div><p>这个在处理表单数据或URL参数时特别方便。</p>
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<li>
<p><strong>链式操作和短路评估</strong>：前面提到过逻辑运算符的短路特性，我们可以利用它来写出更优雅的代码。</p><div class=”code” style=”position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;”><pre class=’brush:php;toolbar:false;’>
function doAdminStuff() {
echo “执行管理员操作…/n”;
return true;
}
$userLoggedIn = true;
$isAdmin = false;
($userLoggedIn && $isAdmin) && doAdminStuff(); // 如果$userLoggedIn为false，doAdminStuff()不会被调用
// 类似的，用 || 来设置默认值
function getConfig($key) {</pre><div class=”contentsignin”>登录后复制</div></div></li>
</ul>
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